This study evaluates the measurement system capability of a three-axis vertical milling center under three machine conditions with varying positioning accuracy. Using a laser interferometer, probe, and calibrated KOBA artifact, length measurements were taken and corrected for thermal expansion. Results show that while none of the machine states achieved full capability for the given 0.015 mm tolerance, states 1 and 3 were suitable for conformity assessment. State 2, despite better deviation results, was limited by significant nonlinearity, increasing uncertainty. The importance of linearity in evaluating measurement system capability is highlighted, particularly when calculating linearity uncertainty.
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