This study proposes a method to estimate the surface hardness and residual stress of carbon steel in turning by using analytical information of the cutting process. The machined surface properties depend on the strain, strain rate, stress and temperature fields generated during cutting. Therefore, these state conditions are estimated from the cutting force using a three-dimensional cutting model, and the hardness and residual stress are estimated using a linear regression model. The analytical results clarified that the hardness and residual stress could be estimated accurately.
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